---
title: The basket-maker on the contrary, to whom the poverty of his conditi… — Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth · tree and pragmatics
description: The basket-maker on the contrary, to whom the poverty of his condition had made nakedness habitual, to whom a life of pain and mortification represented death as not dreadful, and whose remembrance of his skill in arts, of which these savages were ignorant, gave him hopes of becoming safe, from demo
---

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# Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Basket Maker., sentence 18

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The basket-maker on the contrary, to whom the poverty of his condition had made nakedness habitual, to whom a life of pain and mortification represented death as not dreadful, and whose remembrance of his skill in arts, of which these savages were ignorant, gave him hopes of becoming safe, from demonstrating that he could be useful, moved with bolder and more open freedom; and having plucked a handful of the flags, sat down without emotion, and making signs that he would shew them something worthy of their attention, fell to work with smiles and noddings; while the savages drew near, and gazed with expectation of the consequence.

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**Who acts:** life, savages, hopes, basket maker, maker · **What happens:** make, represent, death, be, give, become · **To what, where:** poverty, hopes, maker, handful, signs, savages

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This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Basket Maker.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (life, savages, hopes, basket maker), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62868:11:18
# text = The basket-maker on the contrary, to whom the poverty of his condition had made nakedness habitual, to whom a life of pain and mortification represented death as not dreadful, and whose remembrance of his skill in arts, of which these savages were ignorant, gave him hopes of becoming safe, from demonstrating that he could be useful, moved with bolder and more open freedom; and having plucked a handful of the flags, sat down without emotion, and making signs that he would shew them something worthy of their attention, fell to work with smiles and noddings; while the savages drew near, and gazed with expectation of the consequence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	basket	basket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	maker	maker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	83	nsubj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	contrary	contrary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	obl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	poverty	poverty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	condition	condition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	parataxis	_	_
18	nakedness	nakedness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	habitual	habitual	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	30	obl	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	mortification	mortification	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
29	represented	represent	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	30	amod	_	_
30	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
31	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
32	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	33	advmod	_	_
33	dreadful	dreadful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
36	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	remembrance	remembrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	40	nmod:poss	_	_
40	skill	skill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
41	in	in	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	arts	art	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
44	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	49	obl	_	_
46	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	47	det	_	_
47	savages	savage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	49	nsubj	_	_
48	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	49	cop	_	_
49	ignorant	ignorant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
51	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	49	conj	_	_
52	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	51	iobj	_	_
53	hopes	hope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	51	obj	_	_
54	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	55	mark	_	_
55	becoming	become	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	53	acl	_	_
56	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	55	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	59	punct	_	_
58	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	59	mark	_	_
59	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	51	advcl	_	_
60	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	64	mark	_	_
61	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	64	nsubj	_	_
62	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	64	aux	_	_
63	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	64	cop	_	_
64	useful	useful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	59	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
65	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	66	punct	_	_
66	moved	move	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	64	advcl	_	_
67	with	with	ADP	IN	_	72	case	_	_
68	bolder	bold	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	72	amod	_	_
69	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	70	cc	_	_
70	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	68	conj	_	_
71	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	72	amod	_	_
72	freedom	freedom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	66	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
73	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	76	punct	_	_
74	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	76	cc	_	_
75	having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	76	aux	_	_
76	plucked	pluck	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
77	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	78	det	_	_
78	handful	handful	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	76	obj	_	_
79	of	of	ADP	IN	_	81	case	_	_
80	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	81	det	_	_
81	flags	flag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	78	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
82	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
83	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
84	down	down	ADP	RP	_	83	compound:prt	_	_
85	without	without	ADP	IN	_	86	case	_	_
86	emotion	emotion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	83	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
87	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	89	punct	_	_
88	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	89	cc	_	_
89	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	83	advcl	_	_
90	signs	sign	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	89	obj	_	_
91	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	94	mark	_	_
92	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	94	nsubj	_	_
93	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	94	aux	_	_
94	shew	shew	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	89	advcl	_	_
95	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	94	obj	_	_
96	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	94	obj	_	_
97	worthy	worthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	96	amod	_	_
98	of	of	ADP	IN	_	100	case	_	_
99	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	100	nmod:poss	_	_
100	attention	attention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	97	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
101	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	102	punct	_	_
102	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	83	parataxis	_	_
103	to	to	PART	TO	_	104	mark	_	_
104	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	102	xcomp	_	_
105	with	with	ADP	IN	_	106	case	_	_
106	smiles	smile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	104	obl	_	_
107	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	108	cc	_	_
108	noddings	nodding	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	106	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
109	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	113	punct	_	_
110	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	113	mark	_	_
111	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	112	det	_	_
112	savages	savage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	113	nsubj	_	_
113	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	102	conj	_	_
114	near	near	ADV	RB	_	113	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
115	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	117	punct	_	_
116	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	117	cc	_	_
117	gazed	gaze	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	113	conj	_	_
118	with	with	ADP	IN	_	119	case	_	_
119	expectation	expectation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	117	obl	_	_
120	of	of	ADP	IN	_	122	case	_	_
121	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	122	det	_	_
122	consequence	consequence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	119	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
123	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	83	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past · perfect · passive |  | the poverty of maker's condition |  |  |  | nakedness habitual *obj* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary habitual=Product |
| 2 | **represent** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **death** |  | a life of pain and mortification |  |  |  |  | whom *obl* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | past | this savages |  |  |  |  | which *obl*; ignorant *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **give** | past | this savages *not said here* | hopes | maker |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient hope=Theme |
| 6 | **become** | gerund | hopes *not said here* |  |  |  |  | safe *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 7 | **demonstrate** | gerund | this savages *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **is** | could | life |  |  |  |  | useful *property* | tree rules |
| 9 | **move** | participle | life *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with bolder open freedom | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 10 | **pluck** | gerund · perfect | the basket maker on the contrary to the basket maker on the contrary to the basket maker *not said here* | a handful of the flags |  |  |  |  | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent handful=Patient |
| 11 | **sit down** | past | the basket maker on the contrary to the basket maker on the contrary to the basket maker |  |  |  |  | without emotion | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 12 | **make** | gerund | the basket maker on the contrary to the basket maker on the contrary to the basket maker *not said here* | signs |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sign=Product |
| 13 | **shew** | would | life | savages *= savage* |  |  |  | something *obj* | tree rules |
| 14 | **fall** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 15 | **work** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with smiles and noddings | vn cooperate-73.1-3 «NP V PP.co-agent PP.theme»: agent=Agent with smile=Co-Agent |
| 16 | **draw** | past | the savages |  |  |  |  | near *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 17 | **gaze** | past | the savages *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with expectation of the consequence | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 18 | **condition** |  | maker |  |  |  |  |  | nom condition «state transitive»: poss=agent |
| 19 | **remember** |  |  | maker's skill in arts |  |  |  |  | nom remembrance «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
| 20 | **attend** |  | savages *= savage* |  |  |  |  |  | nom attention «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 21 | **expect** |  |  | the consequence |  |  |  |  | nom expectation «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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