---
title: The walk was shaded with trees of every kind, that were covered at o… — Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth · tree and pragmatics
description: The walk was shaded with trees of every kind, that were covered at once with blossoms and fruit; innumerable birds were singing in the branches; the grass was intermingled with flowers, which impregnated the breeze with fragrance, and painted the path with beauty; on one side flowed a gentle, transp
---

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# Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Story of Almet., sentence 22

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The walk was shaded with trees of every kind, that were covered at once with blossoms and fruit; innumerable birds were singing in the branches; the grass was intermingled with flowers, which impregnated the breeze with fragrance, and painted the path with beauty; on one side flowed a gentle, transparent stream, which was just heard to murmur over the golden sands that sparkled at the bottom; and on the other were walks and bowers, fountains, grottoes, and cascades, which diversified the scene with endless variety, but did not conceal the bounds.

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**Who acts:** trees, innumerable birds, gentle transparent stream, golden sands, cascades · **What happens:** shade, cover, sing, intermingle, impregnate, paint · **To what, where:** walk, that, branches, grass, breeze, path

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This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Story of Almet.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trees, innumerable birds, gentle transparent stream, golden sands), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62868:12:22
# text = The walk was shaded with trees of every kind, that were covered at once with blossoms and fruit; innumerable birds were singing in the branches; the grass was intermingled with flowers, which impregnated the breeze with fragrance, and painted the path with beauty; on one side flowed a gentle, transparent stream, which was just heard to murmur over the golden sands that sparkled at the bottom; and on the other were walks and bowers, fountains, grottoes, and cascades, which diversified the scene with endless variety, but did not conceal the bounds.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	walk	walk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	shaded	shade	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl:agent	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	13	obl	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	blossoms	blossom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	innumerable	innumerable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nsubj	_	_
23	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	singing	sing	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	branches	branch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
31	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux:pass	_	_
32	intermingled	intermingle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
33	with	with	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
36	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	37	nsubj	_	_
37	impregnated	impregnate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	conj	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	breeze	breeze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obj	_	_
40	with	with	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	fragrance	fragrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
43	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
44	painted	paint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	37	conj	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obj	_	_
47	with	with	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	53	punct	_	_
50	on	on	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
51	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	52	nummod	_	_
52	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	obl	_	_
53	flowed	flow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
54	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	58	det	_	_
55	gentle	gentle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	58	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	55	punct	_	_
57	transparent	transparent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	58	amod	_	_
58	stream	stream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	63	punct	_	_
60	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	63	nsubj:pass	_	_
61	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	63	aux:pass	_	_
62	just	just	ADV	RB	_	63	advmod	_	_
63	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	58	acl:relcl	_	_
64	to	to	PART	TO	_	65	mark	_	_
65	murmur	murmur	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	63	xcomp	_	_
66	over	over	ADP	IN	_	69	case	_	_
67	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	69	det	_	_
68	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	69	amod	_	_
69	sands	sand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	65	obl	_	_
70	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	71	nsubj	_	_
71	sparkled	sparkle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	69	acl:relcl	_	_
72	at	at	ADP	IN	_	74	case	_	_
73	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	74	det	_	_
74	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	71	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
75	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	81	punct	_	_
76	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	81	cc	_	_
77	on	on	ADP	IN	_	79	case	_	_
78	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	79	det	_	_
79	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	81	amod	_	_
80	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	81	cop	_	_
81	walks	walk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
82	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	83	cc	_	_
83	bowers	bower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	81	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
84	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	85	punct	_	_
85	fountains	fountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	81	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
86	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	87	punct	_	_
87	grottoes	grotto	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	85	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
88	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	90	punct	_	_
89	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	90	cc	_	_
90	cascades	cascade	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	81	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
91	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	93	punct	_	_
92	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	93	nsubj	_	_
93	diversified	diversify	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	90	acl:relcl	_	_
94	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	95	det	_	_
95	scene	scene	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	93	obj	_	_
96	with	with	ADP	IN	_	98	case	_	_
97	endless	endless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	98	amod	_	_
98	variety	variety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	95	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
99	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	103	punct	_	_
100	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	103	cc	_	_
101	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	103	aux	_	_
102	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	103	advmod	_	_
103	conceal	conceal	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	93	conj	_	_
104	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	105	det	_	_
105	bounds	bound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	103	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
106	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shade** | past · passive | trees of every kind | the walk |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **cover** | past · passive |  | that |  |  |  | with blossoms and fruit | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with blossom=Theme |
| 3 | **sing** *speech: express* | past · progressive | innumerable birds |  |  | the branches |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in branch=Location |
| 4 | **intermingle** | past · passive |  | the grass |  |  |  | with flowers | vn amalgamate-22.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient with flower=Co-Patient |
| 5 | **impregnate** | past |  | the breeze |  |  |  | with fragrance; which *nsubj* | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent breeze=Destination with fragrance=Theme |
| 6 | **paint** | past |  | the path |  |  |  | with beauty | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent path=Destination with beauty=Theme |
| 7 | **flow** | past | trees of every kind *not said here* | a gentle transparent stream |  | one side |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location stream=Theme |
| 8 | **hear** | past · passive |  | a gentle transparent stream |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 9 | **murmur** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | a gentle transparent stream *not said here* |  |  | the golden sands |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over sand=Location |
| 10 | **sparkle** | past | the golden sands |  |  | the bottom |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at bottom=Location |
| 11 | **is a** | past |  | other walks and bowers and fountains and grottoes and cascades |  |  |  | bowers *conj*; fountains and grottoes *conj*; cascades *conj* | tree rules |
| 12 | **diversify** | past | cascades | the scene |  |  |  | with endless variety | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent scene=Patient with variety=Instrument |
| 13 | **not** **conceal** | past · do-support | cascades *not said here* | the bounds |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bound=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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