--- title: Bozaldab opened his eyes and beheld a barren, a sultry, and solitary… — Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth · tree and pragmatics description: Bozaldab opened his eyes and beheld a barren, a sultry, and solitary island, in the midst of which sat a pale, meagre, and ghastly figure: it was a merchant just perishing with famine, and lamenting that he could find neither wild berries, nor a single spring in this forlorn and uninhabited desert; --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62868/19/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Oriental tales, for the entertainment…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62868/) / [The Story of Bozaldab.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62868/19/) / 10 # Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Story of Bozaldab., sentence 10 Bozaldab opened his eyes and beheld a barren, a sultry, and solitary island, in the midst of which sat a pale, meagre, and ghastly figure: it was a merchant just perishing with famine, and lamenting that he could find neither wild berries, nor a single spring in this forlorn and uninhabited desert; and begging the protection of heaven against the tigers that would now certainly destroy him, since he had consumed the last fuel he had collected to make nightly fires to affright them. **Who acts:** Bozaldab, midst, figure, merchant, God · **What happens:** open, behold, sit, be, perish, lament · **To what, where:** eyes, barren, midst, pale ghastly figure, merchant, wild berries This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Story of Bozaldab.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bozaldab, midst, figure, merchant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg62868:19:10 # text = Bozaldab opened his eyes and beheld a barren, a sultry, and solitary island, in the midst of which sat a pale, meagre, and ghastly figure: it was a merchant just perishing with famine, and lamenting that he could find neither wild berries, nor a single spring in this forlorn and uninhabited desert; and begging the protection of heaven against the tigers that would now certainly destroy him, since he had consumed the last fuel he had collected to make nightly fires to affright them. 1 Bozaldab Bozaldab PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 opened open VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ _ 4 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 6 beheld behold VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 barren barren NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 sultry sultry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 14 solitary solitary ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 island island NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 17 in in ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 midst midst NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 20 of of ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 22 nsubj _ _ 22 sat sit VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 acl:relcl _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 24 pale pale ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 26 meagre meagre ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 27 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 29 ghastly ghastly ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 figure figure NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 31 : : PUNCT : _ 35 punct _ _ 32 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 33 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 35 cop _ _ 34 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 merchant merchant NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 36 just just ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 37 perishing perish VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 35 acl _ _ 38 with with ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 famine famine NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 40 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 42 lamenting lament VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 37 conj _ _ 43 that that SCONJ IN _ 46 mark _ _ 44 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 46 nsubj _ _ 45 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 46 aux _ _ 46 find find VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 42 advcl _ _ 47 neither neither CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 49 cc:preconj _ _ 48 wild wild ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 49 amod _ _ 49 berries berry NOUN NNS Number=Plur 46 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 50 , , PUNCT , _ 54 punct _ _ 51 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 54 cc _ _ 52 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 54 det _ _ 53 single single ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 54 amod _ _ 54 spring spring NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 appos _ _ 55 in in ADP IN _ 60 case _ _ 56 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 60 det _ _ 57 forlorn forlorn ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 60 amod _ _ 58 and and CCONJ CC _ 59 cc _ _ 59 uninhabited uninhabited ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 57 conj _ _ 60 desert desert NOUN NN Number=Sing 54 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 61 ; ; PUNCT : _ 63 punct _ _ 62 and and CCONJ CC _ 63 cc _ _ 63 begging beg VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 advcl _ _ 64 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 65 det _ _ 65 protection protection NOUN NN Number=Sing 63 obj _ _ 66 of of ADP IN _ 67 case _ _ 67 heaven heaven NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 nmod _ _ 68 against against ADP IN _ 70 case _ _ 69 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 70 det _ _ 70 tigers tiger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 63 obl _ _ 71 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 75 obj _ _ 72 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 75 aux _ _ 73 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 75 advmod _ _ 74 certainly certainly ADV RB _ 75 advmod _ _ 75 destroy destroy VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 70 acl:relcl _ _ 76 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 75 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 77 , , PUNCT , _ 81 punct _ _ 78 since since SCONJ IN _ 81 mark _ _ 79 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 81 nsubj _ _ 80 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 81 aux _ _ 81 consumed consume VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 63 conj _ _ 82 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 84 det _ _ 83 last last ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 84 amod _ _ 84 fuel fuel NOUN NN Number=Sing 81 obj _ _ 85 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 87 nsubj _ _ 86 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 87 aux _ _ 87 collected collect VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 84 acl:relcl _ _ 88 to to PART TO _ 89 mark _ _ 89 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 87 advcl _ _ 90 nightly nightly ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 91 amod _ _ 91 fires fire NOUN NNS Number=Plur 89 obj _ _ 92 to to PART TO _ 93 mark _ _ 93 affright affright VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 91 acl _ _ 94 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 93 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 95 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **open** | past | Bozaldab | God's eyes | | | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location eye=Theme | | 2 | **behold** | past | Bozaldab *not said here* | a barren | | the midst | | solitary island *obl* | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer barren=Stimulus | | 3 | **sit** | past | the midst | a pale ghastly figure | | | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location figure=Theme | | 4 | **is a** | past | figure | a merchant | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **perish** | gerund | a merchant *not said here* | | | | | with famine | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 6 | **lament** | gerund | a merchant *not said here* | | | | | | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | | 7 | **find** | could | God | wild berries | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent berry=Topic | | 8 | **beg** *speech: request* | gerund | Bozaldab *not said here* | the protection of heaven | | | | against the tigers | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.Topic»: agent=Agent protection=Recipient | | 9 | **destroy** | would | | the tigers | | | now | God *obj*; certainly *property* | tree rules | | 10 | **consume** | past · perfect | God | the last fuel | | | | | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fuel=Asset | | 11 | **collect** | past · perfect | God | the last fuel *not said here* | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fuel=Theme | | 12 | **make** | to-infinitive | God *not said here* | nightly fires | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset fire=Product | | 13 | **affright** | to-infinitive | God *not said here* | fires *= fire* | | | | | tree rules | | 14 | **protect** | | | heaven | | | | | nom protection «act transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62868/19/9/) - next →: [sentence 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62868/19/11/) - ↑ back to [The Story of Bozaldab.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62868/19/)