---
title: He suffered not his minstrels to approach his presence; but listened… — Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth · tree and pragmatics
description: He suffered not his minstrels to approach his presence; but listened to the melancholy birds of midnight, that flit through the solitary vaults and echoing chambers of the Pyramids. Who acts: son. A sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Story of Bozaldab., wi
---

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# Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Story of Bozaldab., sentence 3

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He suffered not his minstrels to approach his presence; but listened to the melancholy birds of midnight, that flit through the solitary vaults and echoing chambers of the Pyramids.

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**Who acts:** son · **What happens:** not suffer, approach, listen, echo · **To what, where:** minstrels, presence, flit, solitary vaults

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This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Story of Bozaldab.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62868:19:3
# text = He suffered not his minstrels to approach his presence; but listened to the melancholy birds of midnight, that flit through the solitary vaults and echoing chambers of the Pyramids.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	suffered	suffer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	minstrels	minstrel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	approach	approach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	presence	presence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	listened	listen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	melancholy	melancholy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	21	det	_	_
21	flit	flit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
22	through	through	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	solitary	solitary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	vaults	vault	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	echoing	echo	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	28	amod	_	_
28	chambers	chamber	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	conj	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	Pyramids	pyramid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **suffer** | past | son | son's minstrels |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer minstrel=Stimulus |
| 2 | **approach** | to-infinitive | son *not said here* | son's presence |  |  |  |  | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent presence=Theme |
| 3 | **listen** | past | son *not said here* | that flit |  | the solitary vaults and echoing chambers of the Pyramids |  | to the melancholy birds of midnight | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to bird=Theme |
| 4 | **echo** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_existence-47.4 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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