---
title: While he was thus tortured with uncertainty, the sky was overspread… — Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth · tree and pragmatics
description: While he was thus tortured with uncertainty, the sky was overspread with clouds, the day vanished from before him, and a sudden tempest gathered round his head. Who acts: sky, day, sudden tempest. A sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Story of Obidah., with
---

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# Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Story of Obidah., sentence 15

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While he was thus tortured with uncertainty, the sky was overspread with clouds, the day vanished from before him, and a sudden tempest gathered round his head.

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**Who acts:** sky, day, sudden tempest · **What happens:** torture, be, vanish, gather · **To what, where:** Obidah, clouds

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This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Story of Obidah.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sky, day, sudden tempest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62868:21:15
# text = While he was thus tortured with uncertainty, the sky was overspread with clouds, the day vanished from before him, and a sudden tempest gathered round his head.
1	While	while	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	tortured	torture	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	overspread	overspread	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	vanished	vanish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
19	from	from	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	before	before	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	tempest	tempest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
27	gathered	gather	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
28	round	round	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **torture** | past · passive |  | Obidah |  |  |  | with uncertainty; thus *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | past | the sky |  |  |  |  | with clouds; overspread *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **vanish** | past | the day | clouds *not said here* |  |  | before Obidah |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **gather** | participle | a sudden tempest |  |  |  |  | round Obidah's head | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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