---
title: Thus was Abdallah punished by poverty, and almost by death, for his… — Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth · tree and pragmatics
description: Thus was Abdallah punished by poverty, and almost by death, for his unreasonable ambition, which perhaps might have been pardonable, if it had not been accompanied by an ingratitude as wicked as it was audacious, since he had not so much as the resource of being able to conceal his perfidies from th
---

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# Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, Ingratitude Punished., sentence 66

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Thus was Abdallah punished by poverty, and almost by death, for his unreasonable ambition, which perhaps might have been pardonable, if it had not been accompanied by an ingratitude as wicked as it was audacious, since he had not so much as the resource of being able to conceal his perfidies from the too piercing eyes of his benefactor.

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**Who acts:** poverty, unreasonable ambition, ingratitude, ambition, Abdallah, resource · **What happens:** punish, be, not accompany, have, conceal, pierce · **To what, where:** Abdallah, ambition, much, perfidies, piercing eyes

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This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Ingratitude Punished.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (poverty, unreasonable ambition, ingratitude, ambition), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62868:22:66
# text = Thus was Abdallah punished by poverty, and almost by death, for his unreasonable ambition, which perhaps might have been pardonable, if it had not been accompanied by an ingratitude as wicked as it was audacious, since he had not so much as the resource of being able to conceal his perfidies from the too piercing eyes of his benefactor.
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	Abdallah	Abdallah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	punished	punish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	poverty	poverty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
15	unreasonable	unreasonable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	ambition	ambition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
18	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
19	perhaps	perhaps	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
20	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
21	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	aux	_	_
22	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	23	cop	_	_
23	pardonable	pardonable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
25	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
26	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj:pass	_	_
27	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
28	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	30	advmod	_	_
29	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	accompanied	accompany	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	parataxis	_	_
31	by	by	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	ingratitude	ingratitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
34	as	as	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
35	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
36	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	39	mark	_	_
37	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	39	nsubj	_	_
38	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	39	cop	_	_
39	audacious	audacious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
41	since	since	SCONJ	IN	_	43	mark	_	_
42	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	nsubj	_	_
43	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	conj	_	_
44	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	46	advmod	_	_
45	so	so	ADV	RB	_	46	advmod	_	_
46	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	obj	_	_
47	as	as	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	resource	resource	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	nmod	_	_
50	of	of	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
51	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	52	cop	_	_
52	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	49	acl	_	_
53	to	to	PART	TO	_	54	mark	_	_
54	conceal	conceal	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	52	xcomp	_	_
55	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	56	nmod:poss	_	_
56	perfidies	perfidy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	54	obj	_	_
57	from	from	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
58	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	61	det	_	_
59	too	too	ADV	RB	_	60	advmod	_	_
60	piercing	pierce	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	61	amod	_	_
61	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	54	obl	_	_
62	of	of	ADP	IN	_	64	case	_	_
63	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	64	nmod:poss	_	_
64	benefactor	benefactor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	61	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
65	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **punish** | past · passive | poverty and death | Abdallah |  |  |  | for Abdallah's unreasonable ambition; thus *property* | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent subject=Patient for ambition=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | might · perfect | Abdallah's unreasonable ambition |  |  |  |  | pardonable, perhaps *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **accompany** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · perfect · passive | a ingratitude | ambition |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | past | ambition |  |  |  |  | audacious *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **have** | past | Abdallah | much |  |  |  | as the resource | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Patient |
| 6 | **is** | gerund | the resource *not said here* |  |  |  |  | able *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **conceal** | to-infinitive | the resource *not said here* | Abdallah's perfidies |  | the piercing eyes of Abdallah's benefactor |  |  | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent perfidy=Patient from eye=Beneficiary |
| 8 | **pierce** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn poke-19-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 9 | **ambition** |  | Abdallah |  |  |  |  |  | nom ambition «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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