---
title: “A thousand times,” cries the hermit; “they every day loaded me with… — Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth · tree and pragmatics
description: “A thousand times,” cries the hermit; “they every day loaded me with professions of gratitude for favours received, and solicitations for future ones.”—“If, then, (says Mencius smiling) you did not lend your fortune in order to have it returned, it is injustice to accuse them of ingratitude; they ow
---

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# Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, Story of Mencius., sentence 11

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“A thousand times,” cries the hermit; “they every day loaded me with professions of gratitude for favours received, and solicitations for future ones.”—“If, then, (says Mencius smiling) you did not lend your fortune in order to have it returned, it is injustice to accuse them of ingratitude; they owned themselves obliged; you expected no more; and they certainly earn a favour who stoop to acknowledge the obligation.”—The hermit was struck with the reply; and, surveying his guest with emotion, “I have heard of the great Mencius, and thou certainly art the man.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** thousand times, staff, Mencius, you, fortune, favour · **What happens:** cry, load, receive, say, smile, not lend · **To what, where:** hermit, thousand times, favours, fortune, injustice, staff · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Story of Mencius.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thousand times, staff, Mencius, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62868:3:11
# text = “A thousand times,” cries the hermit; “they every day loaded me with professions of gratitude for favours received, and solicitations for future ones.”—“If, then, (says Mencius smiling) you did not lend your fortune in order to have it returned, it is injustice to accuse them of ingratitude; they owned themselves obliged; you expected no more; and they certainly earn a favour who stoop to acknowledge the obligation.”—The hermit was struck with the reply; and, surveying his guest with emotion, “I have heard of the great Mencius, and thou certainly art the man.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
7	cries	cry	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hermit	hermit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
11	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
13	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	14	det	_	_
14	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl:unmarked	_	_
15	loaded	load	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
16	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	professions	profession	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	gratitude	gratitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
21	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	favours	favour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	_
23	received	receive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	solicitations	solicitation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	appos	_	_
27	for	for	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	future	future	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	39	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	39	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	39	mark	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
36	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	39	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
38	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	39	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
40	Mencius	Mencius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	39	nsubj	_	_
41	smiling	smile	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	40	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	40	punct	_	_
43	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	46	nsubj	_	_
44	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	46	aux	_	_
45	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	46	advmod	_	_
46	lend	lend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	39	ccomp	_	_
47	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	48	nmod:poss	_	_
48	fortune	fortune	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	obj	_	_
49	in	in	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	52	mark	_	_
50	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	fixed	_	_
51	to	to	PART	TO	_	52	mark	_	_
52	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	46	advcl	_	_
53	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	52	obj	_	_
54	returned	return	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	52	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	58	punct	_	_
56	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	58	nsubj	_	_
57	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	58	cop	_	_
58	injustice	injustice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	conj	_	_
59	to	to	PART	TO	_	60	mark	_	_
60	accuse	accuse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	58	acl	_	_
61	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	60	obj	_	_
62	of	of	ADP	IN	_	63	case	_	_
63	ingratitude	ingratitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	60	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
64	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	66	punct	_	_
65	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	66	nsubj	_	_
66	owned	own	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
67	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	66	obj	_	_
68	obliged	oblige	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	66	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
69	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	71	punct	_	_
70	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	71	nsubj	_	_
71	expected	expect	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	66	conj	_	_
72	no	no	ADV	RB	_	73	advmod	_	_
73	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	71	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
74	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	78	punct	_	_
75	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	78	cc	_	_
76	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	78	nsubj	_	_
77	certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	78	advmod	_	_
78	earn	earn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
79	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	80	det	_	_
80	favour	favour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	78	obj	_	_
81	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	82	nsubj	_	_
82	stoop	stoop	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	80	acl:relcl	_	_
83	to	to	PART	TO	_	84	mark	_	_
84	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	82	xcomp	_	_
85	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	86	det	_	_
86	obligation	obligation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	84	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
87	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	78	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
88	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	78	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
89	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	93	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
90	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	91	det	_	_
91	hermit	hermit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	93	nsubj:pass	_	_
92	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	93	aux:pass	_	_
93	struck	strike	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
94	with	with	ADP	IN	_	96	case	_	_
95	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	96	det	_	_
96	reply	reply	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	93	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
97	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	100	punct	_	_
98	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	100	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
99	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	100	punct	_	_
100	surveying	survey	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	_
101	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	102	nmod:poss	_	_
102	guest	guest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	100	obj	_	_
103	with	with	ADP	IN	_	104	case	_	_
104	emotion	emotion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	100	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
105	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	109	punct	_	_
106	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	109	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
107	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	109	nsubj	_	_
108	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	109	aux	_	_
109	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	100	parataxis	_	_
110	of	of	ADP	IN	_	113	case	_	_
111	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	113	det	_	_
112	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	113	amod	_	_
113	Mencius	Mencius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	109	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
114	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	118	punct	_	_
115	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	118	cc	_	_
116	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	118	nsubj	_	_
117	certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	118	advmod	_	_
118	art	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
119	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	120	det	_	_
120	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	118	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
121	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | present | thousand times | the hermit |  |  |  | solicitations for future ones *appos* | tree rules |
| 2 | **load** *in a quote* | past | staff |  | thousand times *= time* |  |  | with professions of gratitude for favours | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent i=Destination with profession=Theme |
| 3 | **receive** *in a quote* | participle |  | favours *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | present | Mencius |  |  |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **smile** *in a quote* | gerund | Mencius *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **not** **lend** *in a quote* | past · do-support | you | your fortune |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fortune=Theme |
| 7 | **have** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | fortune |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **return** *in a quote* | participle | fortune *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 9 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | fortune | injustice |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 10 | **accuse** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | staff |  |  |  | of ingratitude | vn suspect-81 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent they=Theme of ingratitude=Attribute |
| 11 | **own** *in a quote* | past | staff | staff |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 12 | **oblige** *in a quote* | participle | staff *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 13 | **expect** *in a quote* | past | you | more |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent more=Theme |
| 14 | **earn** *in a quote* | present | staff | a favour |  |  |  | certainly *property* | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent favour=Theme |
| 15 | **stoop** *in a quote* | present | a favour |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 16 | **acknowledge** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | a favour *not said here* | the obligation |  |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent obligation=Topic |
| 17 | **strike** | past · passive |  | the hermit |  |  |  | with the reply | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with reply=Instrument |
| 18 | **survey** | gerund | thousand times *not said here* | Mencius's guest |  |  |  | with emotion | tree rules |
| 19 | **hear** *in a quote* | present · perfect | the philosopher *= philosopher* |  |  |  |  | of the great Mencius | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer of mencius=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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