---
title: I am become wretched by the loss of that which I never possessed: th… — Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth · tree and pragmatics
description: I am become wretched by the loss of that which I never possessed: thou hast raised wishes which indeed I am not worthy thou shouldst satisfy: but why should it be thought, that he who was happy in obscurity and indigence, would not have been rendered more happy by eminence and wealth?” Who acts: I, 
---

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# Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Story of Omar., sentence 10

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I am become wretched by the loss of that which I never possessed: thou hast raised wishes which indeed I am not worthy thou shouldst satisfy: but why should it be thought, that he who was happy in obscurity and indigence, would not have been rendered more happy by eminence and wealth?”

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**Who acts:** I, thou, raised wishes, presumption, eminence · **What happens:** become, wretch, not possess, have, raise, not be · **To what, where:** loss, raised wishes, obscurity · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Story of Omar.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, thou, raised wishes, presumption), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62868:8:10
# text = I am become wretched by the loss of that which I never possessed: thou hast raised wishes which indeed I am not worthy thou shouldst satisfy: but why should it be thought, that he who was happy in obscurity and indigence, would not have been rendered more happy by eminence and wealth?”
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	become	become	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	wretched	wretch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	xcomp	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	nmod	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obj	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	possessed	possess	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	nsubj	_	_
16	hast	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
17	raised	raise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	amod	_	_
18	wishes	wish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
19	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	24	nsubj	_	_
20	indeed	indeed	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
21	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
22	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
23	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
24	worthy	worthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	acl	_	_
25	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	27	nsubj	_	_
26	shouldst	should	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	satisfy	satisfy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
29	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
30	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	34	advmod	_	_
31	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
32	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj:pass	_	_
33	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	aux:pass	_	_
34	thought	think	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
36	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	40	mark	_	_
37	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	nsubj	_	_
38	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	40	nsubj	_	_
39	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	40	cop	_	_
40	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	conj	_	_
41	in	in	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	obscurity	obscurity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obl	_	_
43	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
44	indigence	indigence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
46	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	50	aux	_	_
47	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	50	advmod	_	_
48	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	50	aux	_	_
49	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	50	aux:pass	_	_
50	rendered	render	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	34	ccomp	_	_
51	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	52	advmod	_	_
52	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	50	xcomp	_	_
53	by	by	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
54	eminence	eminence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	obl	_	_
55	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	56	cc	_	_
56	wealth	wealth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	50	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **wretch** | participle | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by the loss of that | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **possess** | past | I | the loss of that |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot which=Theme |
| 4 | **have** | present | thou | raised wishes |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wish=Patient |
| 5 | **raise** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **not** **is** | present | raised wishes |  |  |  |  | I *nsubj*; indeed, worthy *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **satisfy** | should | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 8 | **think** *speech: other* | should · passive |  | loss |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute clause=Theme |
| 9 | **is** | past | presumption |  |  | obscurity and indigence |  | who *nsubj*; happy *property* | tree rules |
| 10 | **not** **render** | would · perfect · passive | eminence and wealth |  |  |  |  | happy *property* | vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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