---
title: All round the walls of the cavern there were beds cut out of the sol… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: All round the walls of the cavern there were beds cut out of the solid rock, upon which the nuns slept, and in the middle a light was burning. Who acts: walls, beds, nuns, light. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Donkey Cabbage, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Donkey Cabbage, part 4, sentence 5

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All round the walls of the cavern there were beds cut out of the solid rock, upon which the nuns slept, and in the middle a light was burning.

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**Who acts:** walls, beds, nuns, light · **What happens:** be, cut out, sleep, burn · **To what, where:** beds, solid rock, middle

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This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Donkey Cabbage, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (walls, beds, nuns, light), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:13:5
# text = All round the walls of the cavern there were beds cut out of the solid rock, upon which the nuns slept, and in the middle a light was burning.
1	All	all	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	round	round	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cavern	cavern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	9	expl	_	_
9	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	beds	bed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
11	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	out	out	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	solid	solid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
18	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	obl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	nuns	nun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
22	slept	sleep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	middle	middle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
30	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
31	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the walls of the cavern | beds |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cut out** | participle | beds *not said here* | the solid rock |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector rock=Eventuality |
| 3 | **sleep** | past | the nuns |  |  |  |  | upon beds | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **burn** | past · progressive | a light |  |  | the middle |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in middle=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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