---
title: Poor Ferko ate up the scrap of bread they had left him and wept bitt… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Poor Ferko ate up the scrap of bread they had left him and wept bitterly, but no one heard him or came to his help. Who acts: Poor Ferko, brothers, one, Ferko. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Grateful Beasts(11), part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every 
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Grateful Beasts(11), part 1, sentence 23

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Poor Ferko ate up the scrap of bread they had left him and wept bitterly, but no one heard him or came to his help.

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**Who acts:** Poor Ferko, brothers, one, Ferko · **What happens:** eat up, leave, weep, hear, come, help · **To what, where:** scrap, Ferko, help

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This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Grateful Beasts(11), part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Poor Ferko, brothers, one, Ferko), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:14:23
# text = Poor Ferko ate up the scrap of bread they had left him and wept bitterly, but no one heard him or came to his help.
1	Poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	Ferko	Ferko	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	scrap	scrap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	acl:relcl	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	wept	weep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	bitterly	bitterly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	19	det	_	_
19	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat up** | past | Poor Ferko | the scrap of bread |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scrap=Patient |
| 2 | **leave** | past · perfect | brothers *= brother* | Ferko |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 3 | **weep** | past | Poor Ferko *not said here* |  |  |  |  | bitterly *property* | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **hear** | past | no one | Ferko |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 5 | **come** | past | no one *not said here* |  |  | Ferko's help |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to help=Initial\_Location |
| 6 | **help** |  | Ferko |  |  |  |  |  | nom help «act transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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