---
title: There was once upon a time a miller who was very well off, and had a… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: There was once upon a time a miller who was very well off, and had as much money and as many goods as he knew what to do with. Who acts: miller, Kletke. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, How Six Men Travelled Through the Wide World, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, How Six Men Travelled Through the Wide World, part 2, sentence 73

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There was once upon a time a miller who was very well off, and had as much money and as many goods as he knew what to do with.

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**Who acts:** miller, Kletke · **What happens:** be, have, know, do · **To what, where:** much money · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, How Six Men Travelled Through the Wide World, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (miller, Kletke), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:20:73
# text = There was once upon a time a miller who was very well off, and had as much money and as many goods as he knew what to do with.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	2	advmod	_	_
4	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	miller	miller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	very	very	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	13	advmod	_	_
13	off	off	ADV	RB	_	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
17	as	as	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
21	as	as	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	19	conj	_	_
24	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	_
27	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	29	obj	_	_
28	to	to	PART	TO	_	29	mark	_	_
29	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	ccomp	_	_
30	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past |  |  |  | there | time | once *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | a miller |  |  |  |  | off, well *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **have** | past |  | much money and many goods |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Patient |
| 4 | **know** | past | Kletke |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 5 | **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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