---
title: The following day he started in the same way; the horse trod on the… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The following day he started in the same way; the horse trod on the glass as if it had been level earth, and sparks of fire flew from its hoofs. Who acts: neighbourhood, horse, way, sparks. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Glass Mountain(16), part 1, with its dependency tree
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Glass Mountain(16), part 1, sentence 16

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The following day he started in the same way; the horse trod on the glass as if it had been level earth, and sparks of fire flew from its hoofs.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** neighbourhood, horse, way, sparks, fire · **What happens:** follow, start, tread, be, fly, spark · **To what, where:** same way, glass, hoofs

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Glass Mountain(16), part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (neighbourhood, horse, way, sparks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:22:16
# text = The following day he started in the same way; the horse trod on the glass as if it had been level earth, and sparks of fire flew from its hoofs.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	amod	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	trod	tread	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	23	case	_	_
18	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	17	fixed	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
20	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
21	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	23	cop	_	_
22	level	level	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
26	sparks	spark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nsubj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
29	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
30	from	from	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	hoofs	hoof	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **start** | past | neighbourhood |  |  | the same way | day |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **tread** | past | the horse |  |  | the glass |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on glass=Trajectory |
| 4 | **is** | past · perfect | way |  |  |  |  | as level earth | tree rules |
| 5 | **fly** | past | sparks of fire |  |  | way's hoofs |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from hoof=Trajectory |
| 6 | **spark** |  | fire |  |  |  |  |  | nom spark «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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