--- title: Then the youngest brother took his turn of guarding the windows, and… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: Then the youngest brother took his turn of guarding the windows, and to prevent his being overcome by sleep he placed a lot of thorns under his chin, so that if he felt drowsy and nodded his head, they would prick him and keep him awake. Who acts: youngest brother, turn, sleep, BROTHERS. A sentence --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/24/47/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Yellow Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/) / [The Glass Mountain(16), part 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/24/) / 47 # The Yellow Fairy Book, The Glass Mountain(16), part 3, sentence 47 Then the youngest brother took his turn of guarding the windows, and to prevent his being overcome by sleep he placed a lot of thorns under his chin, so that if he felt drowsy and nodded his head, they would prick him and keep him awake. **Who acts:** youngest brother, turn, sleep, BROTHERS · **What happens:** take, guard, prevent, overcome, place, feel · **To what, where:** turn, windows, sleep, lot, head This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Glass Mountain(16), part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (youngest brother, turn, sleep, BROTHERS), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg640:24:47 # text = Then the youngest brother took his turn of guarding the windows, and to prevent his being overcome by sleep he placed a lot of thorns under his chin, so that if he felt drowsy and nodded his head, they would prick him and keep him awake. 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 5 advmod _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 youngest young ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 4 amod _ _ 4 brother brother NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 turn turn NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 of of SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _ 9 guarding guard VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 7 acl _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 windows window NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 14 to to PART TO _ 15 mark _ _ 15 prevent prevent VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 conj _ _ 16 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj:pass _ _ 17 being be AUX VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 18 aux:pass _ _ 18 overcome overcome VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 15 xcomp _ _ 19 by by ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 sleep sleep NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 21 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 placed place VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 acl:relcl _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 lot lot NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obj _ _ 25 of of ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 thorns thorn NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nmod _ _ 27 under under ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ _ 29 chin chin NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 31 so so SCONJ IN ExtPos=SCONJ 35 mark _ _ 32 that that SCONJ IN _ 31 fixed _ _ 33 if if SCONJ IN _ 35 mark _ _ 34 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 35 felt feel VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 36 drowsy drowsy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 xcomp _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 38 nodded nod VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 35 conj _ _ 39 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 40 nmod:poss _ _ 40 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 41 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 42 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 nsubj _ _ 43 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 44 aux _ _ 44 prick prick VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 parataxis _ _ 45 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 obj _ _ 46 and and CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ _ 47 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 44 conj _ _ 48 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 47 obj _ _ 49 awake awake ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 47 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 50 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **take** | past | the youngest brother | sleep's turn | | | then | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent turn=Theme | | 2 | **guard** | gerund | sleep's turn *not said here* | the windows | | | | | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent window=Beneficiary | | 3 | **prevent** | to-infinitive | the youngest brother *not said here* | | | | | | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Causer clause=Eventuality | | 4 | **overcome** | gerund · passive | sleep | sleep | | | | | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot subject=Theme | | 5 | **place** | past | sleep | a lot of thorns under sleep's chin | | | | | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent lot=Theme | | 6 | **feel** | past | sleep | | | | | drowsy *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | | 7 | **nod** | past | sleep *not said here* | sleep's head | | | | | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient | | 8 | **prick** | would | BROTHERS *= brother* | sleep | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Patient | | 9 | **keep** | infinitive | BROTHERS *= brother* *not said here* | sleep | | | | awake *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 46](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/24/46/) - next →: [sentence 48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/24/48/) - ↑ back to [The Glass Mountain(16), part 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/24/)