---
title: He saw the hawk swooping down upon the church, and in a moment he ha… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He saw the hawk swooping down upon the church, and in a moment he had seized his gun and shot at the bird. Who acts: sleep, hawk. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Glass Mountain(16), part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Glass Mountain(16), part 3, sentence 50

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He saw the hawk swooping down upon the church, and in a moment he had seized his gun and shot at the bird.

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**Who acts:** sleep, hawk · **What happens:** see, swoop down, seize · **To what, where:** hawk, gun

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This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Glass Mountain(16), part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sleep, hawk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:24:50
# text = He saw the hawk swooping down upon the church, and in a moment he had seized his gun and shot at the bird.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	hawk	hawk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	swooping	swoop	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	down	down	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	seized	seize	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	gun	gun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	shot	shot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
22	at	at	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | sleep | the hawk |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer hawk=Stimulus |
| 2 | **swoop down** | gerund | the hawk *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upon the church; down *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **seize** | past · perfect | sleep | sleep's gun and shot |  |  | moment | at the bird | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gun=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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