---
title: And the young man and the maiden shrank with fear, for down in the d… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: And the young man and the maiden shrank with fear, for down in the depths of the water they saw the bones of those who had died before, and in the waves themselves men and women were struggling, and but few passed over. Who acts: paddles, waves. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, 
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, In the Land of Souls (21), sentence 34

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the young man and the maiden shrank with fear, for down in the depths of the water they saw the bones of those who had died before, and in the waves themselves men and women were struggling, and but few passed over.

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**Who acts:** paddles, waves · **What happens:** see, die, struggle, pass over · **To what, where:** bones, young man

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, In the Land of Souls (21). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (paddles, waves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:28:34
# text = And the young man and the maiden shrank with fear, for down in the depths of the water they saw the bones of those who had died before, and in the waves themselves men and women were struggling, and but few passed over.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	maiden	maiden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	shrank	shrank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	down	down	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	depths	depth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
20	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	23	nmod	_	_
26	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	28	nsubj	_	_
27	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	died	die	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	25	acl:relcl	_	_
29	before	before	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	nsubj	_	_
35	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	34	nmod:unmarked	_	_
36	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	nsubj	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	conj	_	_
39	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	40	aux	_	_
40	struggling	struggle	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
42	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
43	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
44	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	45	amod	_	_
45	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	40	conj	_	_
46	over	over	ADP	RP	_	45	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | paddles *= paddle* | the bones of those |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bone=Stimulus |
| 2 | **die** | past · perfect |  |  |  |  |  | before *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **struggle** | past · progressive | the waves  paddles | the young man and the maiden shrank with fear and the depths of the water *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **pass over** | participle | the waves  paddles *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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