---
title: The Prince perceived a small room black with smoke, lit up feebly by… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The Prince perceived a small room black with smoke, lit up feebly by a fire from which issued long blue flames. Who acts: Prince, fire. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch and Her Servants(22), part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Witch and Her Servants(22), part 2, sentence 24

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The Prince perceived a small room black with smoke, lit up feebly by a fire from which issued long blue flames.

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**Who acts:** Prince, fire · **What happens:** perceive, lit up, issue · **To what, where:** small room, long blue flames

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This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch and Her Servants(22), part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Prince, fire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:31:24
# text = The Prince perceived a small room black with smoke, lit up feebly by a fire from which issued long blue flames.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	perceived	perceive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	lit	lit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
12	up	up	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	feebly	feebly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
19	issued	issue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
20	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
21	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	flames	flame	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perceive** | past | the Prince | a small room |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer room=Stimulus |
| 2 | **lit up** | participle |  | a small room *not said here* |  |  |  | by a fire; feebly *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **issue** | past | a fire | long blue flames |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location flame=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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