---
title: Over the fire hung a huge cauldron full of boiling pitch, and fasten… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Over the fire hung a huge cauldron full of boiling pitch, and fastened into the cauldron by iron chains stood a wretched man screaming with agony. Who acts: wretched man. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch and Her Servants(22), part 2, with its dependency tree and the pr
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Witch and Her Servants(22), part 2, sentence 25

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Over the fire hung a huge cauldron full of boiling pitch, and fastened into the cauldron by iron chains stood a wretched man screaming with agony.

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**Who acts:** wretched man · **What happens:** hang, fasten, stand, scream · **To what, where:** huge cauldron, fire, wretched man

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This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch and Her Servants(22), part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wretched man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:31:25
# text = Over the fire hung a huge cauldron full of boiling pitch, and fastened into the cauldron by iron chains stood a wretched man screaming with agony.
1	Over	over	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
4	hung	hang	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cauldron	cauldron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	boiling	boiling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	pitch	pitch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	fastened	fasten	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
15	into	into	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	cauldron	cauldron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	chains	chain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
21	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	wretched	wretched	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
25	screaming	scream	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	24	acl	_	_
26	with	with	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	agony	agony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hang** | past |  | a huge cauldron |  | the fire |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent cauldron=Theme over fire=Destination |
| 2 | **fasten** | past |  |  |  |  |  | into the cauldron | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent into cauldron=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **stand** | past |  | a wretched man |  |  |  | by iron chains | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent man=Theme by chain=Destination |
| 4 | **scream** *speech: express* | gerund | a wretched man *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with agony | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with agony=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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