--- title: A short time after this, when he was going early one morning to the… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: A short time after this, when he was going early one morning to the usual grazing place with his horses, he noticed a flock of birds assembled together making a great noise and flying wildly backwards and forwards. Who acts: Iwanich. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/31/66/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Yellow Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/) / [The Witch and Her Servants(22), part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/31/) / 66 # The Yellow Fairy Book, The Witch and Her Servants(22), part 2, sentence 66 A short time after this, when he was going early one morning to the usual grazing place with his horses, he noticed a flock of birds assembled together making a great noise and flying wildly backwards and forwards. **Who acts:** Iwanich · **What happens:** go, notice, assemble, make, fly · **To what, where:** usual grazing place, flock, birds, great noise This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch and Her Servants(22), part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iwanich), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg640:31:66 # text = A short time after this, when he was going early one morning to the usual grazing place with his horses, he noticed a flock of birds assembled together making a great noise and flying wildly backwards and forwards. 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl:unmarked _ _ 4 after after ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 7 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 10 advmod _ _ 8 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 9 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 aux _ _ 10 going go VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 parataxis _ _ 11 early early ADV RB Degree=Pos 12 advmod _ _ 12 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 13 nummod _ _ 13 morning morning NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl:unmarked _ _ 14 to to ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 16 usual usual ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 17 grazing grazing NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 compound _ _ 18 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 19 with with ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 horses horse NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 22 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 23 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 24 noticed notice VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 flock flock NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 27 of of ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 birds bird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nmod _ _ 29 assembled assemble VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 28 acl _ _ 30 together together ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 31 making make VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 29 advcl _ _ 32 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 33 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 34 noise noise NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obj _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 36 flying fly VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 31 conj _ _ 37 wildly wildly ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 38 backwards backwards ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 39 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 40 forwards forwards ADV RB _ 38 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 41 . . PUNCT . _ 24 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **go** | past · progressive | Iwanich | | | the usual grazing place with Iwanich's horses | morning | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to place=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **notice** | past | Iwanich | a flock of birds | | | time | | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer flock=Stimulus | | 3 | **assemble** | participle | | birds *not said here* | | | | together *property* | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **make** | gerund | | a great noise | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset noise=Product | | 5 | **fly** | gerund | | | | | | backwards, wildly *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 65](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/31/65/) - next →: [sentence 67](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/31/67/) - ↑ back to [The Witch and Her Servants(22), part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/31/)