---
title: Almost directly Iwanich saw his two horses being driven towards him… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Almost directly Iwanich saw his two horses being driven towards him by a host of eagles of all sizes. Who acts: Iwanich, host. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch and Her Servants(22), part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Witch and Her Servants(22), part 3, sentence 12

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Almost directly Iwanich saw his two horses being driven towards him by a host of eagles of all sizes.

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**Who acts:** Iwanich, host · **What happens:** see, drive · **To what, where:** two horses · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch and Her Servants(22), part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iwanich, host), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:32:12
# text = Almost directly Iwanich saw his two horses being driven towards him by a host of eagles of all sizes.
1	Almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	directly	directly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
3	Iwanich	Iwanich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	ccomp	_	_
10	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	eagles	eagle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	19	det	_	_
19	sizes	size	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | Iwanich |  |  |  |  | directly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **drive** | gerund · passive | a host of eagles of all sizes | Iwanich's two horses |  |  |  | towards Iwanich | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent subject=Theme towards he=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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