---
title: Who knows if, after all, help may not be sent to you?’ — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Who knows if, after all, help may not be sent to you?’ A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch (28), with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Witch (28), sentence 18

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Who knows if, after all, help may not be sent to you?’

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**What happens:** know, help, not send · **To what, where:** all, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch (28). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:39:18
# text = Who knows if, after all, help may not be sent to you?’
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	2	nsubj	_	_
2	knows	know	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	nmod	_	_
9	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **help** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **send** | may · passive |  | all | you |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to you=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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