---
title: The horse plunged and reared and then set off at a hard gallop, whic… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The horse plunged and reared and then set off at a hard gallop, which it continued in spite of its rider’s efforts to stop it. Who acts: horse. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Hazel-nut Child (29), with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Hazel-nut Child (29), sentence 19

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The horse plunged and reared and then set off at a hard gallop, which it continued in spite of its rider’s efforts to stop it.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** horse · **What happens:** plunge, rear, set off, continue, stop, spite · **To what, where:** hard gallop, spite, horse, efforts

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Hazel-nut Child (29). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:40:19
# text = The horse plunged and reared and then set off at a hard gallop, which it continued in spite of its rider’s efforts to stop it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	plunged	plunge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	reared	rear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	_
8	set	set	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
9	off	off	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	gallop	gallop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	obj	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	continued	continue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	parataxis	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	spite	spite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	rider	rider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	’s	's	PART	POS	_	22	case	_	_
24	efforts	effort	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	advcl	_	_
27	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **plunge** | past | the horse |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **rear** | past | the horse *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn rear-26.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **set off** | infinitive | the horse *not said here* |  |  | a hard gallop | then |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **continue** | past | horse | a hard gallop |  | spite of horse's rider's efforts |  |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent which=Theme |
| 5 | **stop** | to-infinitive | horse *not said here* | horse |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality it=Eventuality |
| 6 | **spite** |  |  | horse's rider's efforts |  |  |  |  | nom spite «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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