---
title: What lovely people there were, and what fine cattle were grazing in… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: What lovely people there were, and what fine cattle were grazing in the ditches and dykes!’ Who acts: lovely people, fine cattle. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Story of Big Klaus and Little Klaus, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Story of Big Klaus and Little Klaus, sentence 243

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What lovely people there were, and what fine cattle were grazing in the ditches and dykes!’

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**Who acts:** lovely people, fine cattle · **What happens:** be, graze · **To what, where:** ditches

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This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Story of Big Klaus and Little Klaus. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lovely people, fine cattle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:41:243
# text = What lovely people there were, and what fine cattle were grazing in the ditches and dykes!’
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	obj	_	_
2	lovely	lovely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	5	expl	_	_
5	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
8	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	12	obj	_	_
9	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
11	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	grazing	graze	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	ditches	ditch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	dykes	dyke	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | lovely people |  |  | there |  |  | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme |
| 2 | **graze** | past · progressive | fine cattle |  |  | the ditches and dykes |  |  | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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