---
title: At last the Prince’s horse gave way too, and then there came over th… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: At last the Prince’s horse gave way too, and then there came over them a darkness so black that they could no longer see the hind. Who acts: last horse, darkness, horses. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Prince Ring (30), with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clau
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, Prince Ring (30), sentence 8

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At last the Prince’s horse gave way too, and then there came over them a darkness so black that they could no longer see the hind.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** last horse, darkness, horses · **What happens:** give, come over, see · **To what, where:** way, horses, hind

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This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Prince Ring (30). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (last horse, darkness, horses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:42:8
# text = At last the Prince’s horse gave way too, and then there came over them a darkness so black that they could no longer see the hind.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	’s	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	too	too	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	14	advmod	_	_
13	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	14	expl	_	_
14	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
15	over	over	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
19	so	so	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	parataxis	_	_
21	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
23	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
24	no	no	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	26	advmod	_	_
26	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	advcl	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	hind	hind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the Prince's last horse | way |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Theme |
| 2 | **come over** | past | a darkness | horses *= horse* |  | there | then |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **see** | could | horses *= horse* | the hind |  |  |  | long *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer hind=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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