---
title: ‘I have lived here,’ said he, ‘for three hundred years, and all that… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘I have lived here,’ said he, ‘for three hundred years, and all that time I have not seen a single human being but yourself.’ Who acts: I, loss. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Blue Mountains, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Blue Mountains, sentence 101

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‘I have lived here,’ said he, ‘for three hundred years, and all that time I have not seen a single human being but yourself.’

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**Who acts:** I, loss · **What happens:** live, say, not see · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Blue Mountains. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, loss), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:45:101
# text = ‘I have lived here,’ said he, ‘for three hundred years, and all that time I have not seen a single human being but yourself.’
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	lived	live	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	ccomp	_	_
5	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	compound	_	_
14	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
18	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	20	det:predet	_	_
19	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	20	det	_	_
20	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl:unmarked	_	_
21	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
22	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
23	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
24	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	conj	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	conj	_	_
28	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	29	cop	_	_
29	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present · perfect | I |  |  | here |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | loss |  |  |  | year |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **see** | present · perfect | I |  |  |  | time |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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