---
title: When nightfall and the time of the wild beasts came upon these, the… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: When nightfall and the time of the wild beasts came upon these, the Englishman happened to climb up into the very same tree on which the Scotsman was when he got a sight of the castle; and as soon as the day began to dawn and the Englishman looked to the four quarters of heaven, what did he see but 
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Blue Mountains, sentence 20

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When nightfall and the time of the wild beasts came upon these, the Englishman happened to climb up into the very same tree on which the Scotsman was when he got a sight of the castle; and as soon as the day began to dawn and the Englishman looked to the four quarters of heaven, what did he see but the castle too!

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** nightfall, Englishman, Scotsman, day · **What happens:** come, happen, climb up, be, begin, look · **To what, where:** these, same tree, four quarters, castle

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Blue Mountains. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nightfall, Englishman, Scotsman, day), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:45:20
# text = When nightfall and the time of the wild beasts came upon these, the Englishman happened to climb up into the very same tree on which the Scotsman was when he got a sight of the castle; and as soon as the day began to dawn and the Englishman looked to the four quarters of heaven, what did he see but the castle too!
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
2	nightfall	nightfall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	beasts	beast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
10	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	Englishman	Englishman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	happened	happen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	climb	climb	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	up	up	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
20	into	into	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
22	very	very	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
25	on	on	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	32	obl	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	Scotsman	Scotsman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
29	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	cop	_	_
30	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	32	advmod	_	_
31	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
32	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	conj	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	41	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
40	as	as	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
41	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	10	advmod	_	_
42	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	45	mark	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nsubj	_	_
45	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	41	advcl	_	_
46	to	to	PART	TO	_	47	mark	_	_
47	dawn	dawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	obj	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	51	cc	_	_
49	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	50	det	_	_
50	Englishman	Englishman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	51	nsubj	_	_
51	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	45	conj	_	_
52	to	to	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
53	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
54	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	55	nummod	_	_
55	quarters	quarter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	51	obl	_	_
56	of	of	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
57	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	62	punct	_	_
59	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	62	obj	_	_
60	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	62	aux	_	_
61	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	62	nsubj	_	_
62	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	55	parataxis	_	_
63	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	65	cc	_	_
64	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	65	det	_	_
65	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	62	conj	_	_
66	too	too	ADV	RB	_	62	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
67	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | nightfall and the time of the wild beasts |  |  | these |  | soon *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon this=Location |
| 2 | **happen** | past | the Englishman |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **climb up** | to-infinitive | the Englishman *not said here* |  |  | the same tree |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into tree=Destination |
| 4 | **is** | past | the Scotsman |  |  | the same tree |  | get *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **begin** | past | the day |  |  |  | dawn |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 6 | **look** | past | the Englishman |  |  |  |  | to the four quarters of heaven | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to quarter=Theme |
| 7 | **see** | past · do-support | Englishman | the four quarters of heaven |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus |
| 8 | **sight** |  |  | the castle |  |  |  |  | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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