---
title: He thought there was nothing for it but to die after all, and had la… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He thought there was nothing for it but to die after all, and had lain down beside the wall, when he heard a window being opened high above him. Who acts: Irishman, nothing. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Blue Mountains, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Blue Mountains, sentence 8

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He thought there was nothing for it but to die after all, and had lain down beside the wall, when he heard a window being opened high above him.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Irishman, nothing · **What happens:** think, be, die, lie down, hear, open · **To what, where:** wall, window · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Blue Mountains. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Irishman, nothing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:45:8
# text = He thought there was nothing for it but to die after all, and had lain down beside the wall, when he heard a window being opened high above him.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	4	expl	_	_
4	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	4	nsubj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nmod	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	die	die	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
11	after	after	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	lain	lie	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
17	down	down	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	_
18	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	24	advmod	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	28	aux:pass	_	_
28	opened	open	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	ccomp	_	_
29	high	high	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	28	advmod	_	_
30	above	above	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | past | Irishman |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **be** | past | nothing |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **die** | to-infinitive | Irishman *not said here* |  |  |  | after all |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 4 | **lie down** | past · perfect | Irishman *not said here* |  |  | the wall |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent beside wall=Location |
| 5 | **hear** | past | Irishman | a window |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **open** | gerund · passive |  |  |  |  |  | above Irishman; high *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: above he=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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