--- title: But as he was always spending money, and never made any more, at las… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: But as he was always spending money, and never made any more, at last the day came when he had nothing left but two shillings, and he had to leave the beautiful rooms in which he had been living, and go into a little attic under the roof, and clean his own boots, and mend them with a darning-needle. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/46/81/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Yellow Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/) / [The Tinder-box](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/46/) / 81 # The Yellow Fairy Book, The Tinder-box, sentence 81 But as he was always spending money, and never made any more, at last the day came when he had nothing left but two shillings, and he had to leave the beautiful rooms in which he had been living, and go into a little attic under the roof, and clean his own boots, and mend them with a darning-needle. **Who acts:** soldier, last · **What happens:** spend, not make, come, have, leave, live · **To what, where:** money, nothing, beautiful rooms, own boots, shillings This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Tinder-box. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (soldier, last), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg640:46:81 # text = But as he was always spending money, and never made any more, at last the day came when he had nothing left but two shillings, and he had to leave the beautiful rooms in which he had been living, and go into a little attic under the roof, and clean his own boots, and mend them with a darning-needle. 1 But but CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 2 as as SCONJ IN _ 6 mark _ _ 3 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 4 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 5 always always ADV RB PronType=Tot 6 advmod _ _ 6 spending spend VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 11 advcl _ _ 7 money money NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 10 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 11 advmod _ _ 11 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 12 any any ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 13 more more ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 11 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 15 at at ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 last last ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 nsubj _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl:unmarked _ _ 19 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 20 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 22 advmod _ _ 21 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 advcl _ _ 23 nothing nothing PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 22 obj _ _ 24 left leave VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 23 acl _ _ 25 but but CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 26 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 27 nummod _ _ 27 shillings shilling NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 30 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 31 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 32 to to PART TO _ 33 mark _ _ 33 leave leave VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 31 xcomp _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 35 beautiful beautiful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 36 rooms room NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 obj _ _ 37 in in ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 42 obl _ _ 39 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 42 nsubj _ _ 40 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 42 aux _ _ 41 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 42 aux _ _ 42 living live VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 36 acl _ SpaceAfter=No 43 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 44 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 45 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 advcl _ _ 46 into into ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 47 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 48 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 49 obl:unmarked _ _ 49 attic attic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 xcomp _ _ 50 under under ADP IN _ 52 case _ _ 51 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 52 det _ _ 52 roof roof NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 53 , , PUNCT , _ 55 punct _ _ 54 and and CCONJ CC _ 55 cc _ _ 55 clean clean VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 parataxis _ _ 56 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 58 nmod:poss _ _ 57 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 58 amod _ _ 58 boots boots NOUN NN Number=Sing 55 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 59 , , PUNCT , _ 61 punct _ _ 60 and and CCONJ CC _ 61 cc _ _ 61 mend mend VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 55 conj _ _ 62 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 61 obj _ _ 63 with with ADP IN _ 67 case _ _ 64 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 67 det _ _ 65 darning darning NOUN NN Number=Sing 67 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 66 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 65 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 67 needle needle NOUN NN Number=Sing 61 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 68 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **spend** | past · progressive | soldier | money | | | | always *property* | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Asset | | 2 | **not** **make** | past | | | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | | 3 | **come** | past | last | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **have** | past | soldier | nothing | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Patient | | 5 | **leave** | participle | | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **have** | past | soldier | | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **leave** | to-infinitive | soldier *not said here* | the beautiful rooms | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent room=Theme | | 8 | **live** | past · perfect · progressive | soldier | | | the beautiful rooms | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in which=Location | | 9 | **go** | infinitive | soldier *not said here* | | | | | attic *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 10 | **clean** | infinitive | | soldier's own boots | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent boots=Patient | | 11 | **mend** | infinitive | | shillings *= shilling* | | | | with a darning needle | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 80](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/46/80/) - next →: [sentence 82](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/46/82/) - ↑ back to [The Tinder-box](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/46/)