---
title: But all at once it flashed across him that there was a little end of… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: But all at once it flashed across him that there was a little end of tinder in the tinder-box, which he had taken from the hollow tree into which the Witch had helped him down. Who acts: last, little end, Witch. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Tinder-box, with its dependenc
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Tinder-box, sentence 84

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But all at once it flashed across him that there was a little end of tinder in the tinder-box, which he had taken from the hollow tree into which the Witch had helped him down.

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**Who acts:** last, little end, Witch · **What happens:** flash, be, take, help down · **To what, where:** tinder box, hollow tree, soldier

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This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Tinder-box. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (last, little end, Witch), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:46:84
# text = But all at once it flashed across him that there was a little end of tinder in the tinder-box, which he had taken from the hollow tree into which the Witch had helped him down.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	all	all	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	6	obl	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	flashed	flash	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	across	across	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	11	expl	_	_
11	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	tinder	tinder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
19	tinder	tinder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	box	box	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj:pass	_	_
24	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	acl:relcl	_	_
27	from	from	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	hollow	hollow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
31	into	into	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	36	obl	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	Witch	Witch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	nsubj	_	_
35	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
36	helped	help	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	30	acl:relcl	_	_
37	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	obj	_	_
38	down	down	ADP	RP	_	36	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flash** | past | last |  |  |  |  | across soldier; all *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at once=Location |
| 2 | **be** | past | a little end of tinder in the tinder box |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **take** | past · perfect · passive |  | the tinder box |  | the hollow tree |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: subject=Theme from tree=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **help down** | past · perfect | the Witch |  | soldier | the hollow tree |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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