---
title: But the corn had been gone a long time; only the dry, bare stubble w… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: But the corn had been gone a long time; only the dry, bare stubble was left standing in the frozen ground. Who acts: dry bare stubble. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch in the Stone Boat(31), with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Witch in the Stone Boat(31), sentence 132

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But the corn had been gone a long time; only the dry, bare stubble was left standing in the frozen ground.

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**Who acts:** dry bare stubble · **What happens:** go, leave, stand, freeze · **To what, where:** corn, dry bare stubble, frozen ground

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This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch in the Stone Boat(31). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dry bare stubble), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:47:132
# text = But the corn had been gone a long time; only the dry, bare stubble was left standing in the frozen ground.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	corn	corn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
11	only	only	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
13	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
15	bare	bare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	stubble	stubble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
19	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	xcomp	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	frozen	freeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	amod	_	_
23	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past · perfect · passive |  | the corn |  |  | time |  | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **leave** | past · passive |  | the dry bare stubble |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **stand** | gerund | the dry bare stubble *not said here* |  |  | the frozen ground |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in ground=Location |
| 4 | **freeze** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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