---
title: When the spring came, and the sun warmed the earth again, the swallo… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: When the spring came, and the sun warmed the earth again, the swallow said farewell to Thumbelina, who opened the hole in the roof for him which the mole had made. Who acts: spring, sun, swallow, Thumbelina. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch in the Stone Boat(31), with 
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Witch in the Stone Boat(31), sentence 186

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When the spring came, and the sun warmed the earth again, the swallow said farewell to Thumbelina, who opened the hole in the roof for him which the mole had made.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** spring, sun, swallow, Thumbelina · **What happens:** come, warm, say, open, make · **To what, where:** earth, Thumbelina, hole, roof · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch in the Stone Boat(31). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spring, sun, swallow, Thumbelina), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:47:186
# text = When the spring came, and the sun warmed the earth again, the swallow said farewell to Thumbelina, who opened the hole in the roof for him which the mole had made.
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	warmed	warm	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	again	again	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	swallow	swallow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
17	farewell	farewell	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Thumbelina	Thumbelina	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
22	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
28	for	for	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nmod	_	_
30	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	34	nsubj:pass	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	mole	mole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj:pass	_	_
33	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the spring |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **warm** | past | the sun | the earth |  |  | again |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent earth=Patient |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the swallow |  | Thumbelina |  |  | farewell *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to thumbelina=Recipient |
| 4 | **open** | past | Thumbelina | the hole |  | the roof for son |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent hole=Theme in roof=Location |
| 5 | **make** | past · perfect · passive |  | the roof for son |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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