---
title: Up he flew into the air, over woods and seas, over the great mountai… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Up he flew into the air, over woods and seas, over the great mountains where the snow is always lying. Who acts: mole, snow. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch in the Stone Boat(31), with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Witch in the Stone Boat(31), sentence 225

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Up he flew into the air, over woods and seas, over the great mountains where the snow is always lying.

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**Who acts:** mole, snow · **What happens:** fly, lie · **To what, where:** air

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This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch in the Stone Boat(31). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mole, snow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:47:225
# text = Up he flew into the air, over woods and seas, over the great mountains where the snow is always lying.
1	Up	up	ADP	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	over	over	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	seas	sea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	over	over	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
17	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	22	advmod	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
21	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	22	advmod	_	_
22	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | past | mole |  |  | the air |  | over woods and seas | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent over wood=Location |
| 2 | **lie** | present · progressive | the snow |  |  |  |  | always *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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