---
title: All were astonished then by seeing two witches lying dead on the flo… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: All were astonished then by seeing two witches lying dead on the floor of the hall. Who acts: two witches. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Hermod and Hadvor (32), with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, Hermod and Hadvor (32), sentence 97

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All were astonished then by seeing two witches lying dead on the floor of the hall.

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**Who acts:** two witches · **What happens:** astonish, see, lie · **To what, where:** All, two witches, floor

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This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Hermod and Hadvor (32). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two witches), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:49:97
# text = All were astonished then by seeing two witches lying dead on the floor of the hall.
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	astonished	astonish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
5	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	seeing	see	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	witches	witch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	hall	hall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **astonish** | past · passive |  | All |  |  | then |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **see** | gerund |  | two witches |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer witch=Stimulus |
| 3 | **lie** | gerund | two witches *not said here* |  |  | the floor of the hall |  | dead *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on floor=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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