---
title: The youth trembled with horror, and his blood ran cold, yet he did n… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The youth trembled with horror, and his blood ran cold, yet he did not lose his courage; but, holding the iron spear upright in his hand, he brought it down with all his might right through the monster’s lower jaw. Who acts: youth, wisdom. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Dr
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Dragon of the North(2), sentence 160

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The youth trembled with horror, and his blood ran cold, yet he did not lose his courage; but, holding the iron spear upright in his hand, he brought it down with all his might right through the monster’s lower jaw.

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**Who acts:** youth, wisdom · **What happens:** tremble, run, not lose, hold, bring down · **To what, where:** youth, courage, iron spear, hand, spear

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This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Dragon of the North(2). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (youth, wisdom), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:5:160
# text = The youth trembled with horror, and his blood ran cold, yet he did not lose his courage; but, holding the iron spear upright in his hand, he brought it down with all his might right through the monster’s lower jaw.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	trembled	tremble	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	horror	horror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	yet	yet	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
15	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
17	lose	lose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	courage	courage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
21	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
23	holding	hold	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	33	advcl	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	spear	spear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
27	upright	upright	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
32	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
33	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
34	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	obj	_	_
35	down	down	ADP	RP	_	33	compound:prt	_	_
36	with	with	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
37	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	46	det:predet	_	_
38	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	46	nmod:poss	_	_
39	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	46	aux	_	_
40	right	right	ADV	RB	_	46	advmod	_	_
41	through	through	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	monster	monster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	’s	's	PART	POS	_	43	case	_	_
45	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	46	amod	_	_
46	jaw	jaw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tremble** | participle |  | the youth *not said here* |  |  |  | with horror | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **run** | past | the youth |  |  |  |  | cold *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **lose** | past · do-support | wisdom | wisdom's courage |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent courage=Eventuality |
| 4 | **hold** | gerund | wisdom *not said here* | the iron spear |  | wisdom's hand |  | upright *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent spear=Theme in hand=Location |
| 5 | **bring down** | past | wisdom | spear |  |  |  | with wisdom's lower jaw | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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