---
title: He was too tired to keep awake all night, yet his anxiety prevented… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He was too tired to keep awake all night, yet his anxiety prevented him from sleeping soundly, and when with the earliest dawn he looked up to the tree-top, he was glad to see his feathered companions still asleep with their heads under their wings. Who acts: wisdom, anxiety. A sentence of «The Yell
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, The Dragon of the North(2), sentence 41

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He was too tired to keep awake all night, yet his anxiety prevented him from sleeping soundly, and when with the earliest dawn he looked up to the tree-top, he was glad to see his feathered companions still asleep with their heads under their wings.

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**Who acts:** wisdom, anxiety · **What happens:** be, keep, prevent, sleep, look up, see · **To what, where:** wisdom, feathered companions

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This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Dragon of the North(2). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wisdom, anxiety), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:5:41
# text = He was too tired to keep awake all night, yet his anxiety prevented him from sleeping soundly, and when with the earliest dawn he looked up to the tree-top, he was glad to see his feathered companions still asleep with their heads under their wings.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	too	too	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	awake	awake	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	yet	yet	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	prevented	prevent	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
15	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	sleeping	sleep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	advcl	_	_
18	soundly	soundly	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
21	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	27	advmod	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	earliest	early	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	25	amod	_	_
25	dawn	dawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
28	up	up	ADP	RP	_	27	compound:prt	_	_
29	to	to	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
31	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
35	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
36	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	37	cop	_	_
37	glad	glad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
38	to	to	PART	TO	_	39	mark	_	_
39	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	37	xcomp	_	_
40	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	42	nmod:poss	_	_
41	feathered	feathered	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	amod	_	_
42	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	obj	_	_
43	still	still	ADV	RB	_	44	advmod	_	_
44	asleep	asleep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	ccomp	_	_
45	with	with	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
46	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	47	nmod:poss	_	_
47	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	44	obl	_	_
48	under	under	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
49	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	50	nmod:poss	_	_
50	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	47	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | wisdom |  |  |  |  | tired *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive | wisdom *not said here* |  |  |  | night | awake *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **prevent** | past | wisdom's anxiety | wisdom |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer he=Theme |
| 4 | **sleep** | gerund | wisdom's anxiety *not said here* |  |  |  |  | soundly *property* | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **look up** | past | wisdom |  |  |  | dawn | to the tree top | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to top=Theme |
| 6 | **is** | past | wisdom |  |  |  |  | glad *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **see** | to-infinitive | wisdom *not said here* | wisdom's feathered companions |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer companion=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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