---
title: The sealing-wax had gone, and she had become quite black; but black… — The Yellow Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The sealing-wax had gone, and she had become quite black; but black makes one look very slim, and so she thought she was even finer than before. Who acts: sealing wax, needle. A sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, A Story About a Darning-needle, with its dependency tree and the pragm
---

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# The Yellow Fairy Book, A Story About a Darning-needle, sentence 72

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sealing-wax had gone, and she had become quite black; but black makes one look very slim, and so she thought she was even finer than before.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sealing wax, needle · **What happens:** go, become, make, think, be · **To what, where:** one look

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, A Story About a Darning-needle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sealing wax, needle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg640:51:72
# text = The sealing-wax had gone, and she had become quite black; but black makes one look very slim, and so she thought she was even finer than before.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	sealing	sealing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	wax	wax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
12	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
15	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
18	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
19	look	look	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	very	very	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	slim	slim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	so	so	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
25	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
27	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
28	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
29	even	even	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	finer	fine	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	26	xcomp	_	_
31	than	than	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	before	before	ADV	RB	_	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past · perfect | the sealing wax |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **become** | past · perfect | needle |  |  |  |  | black *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **make** | present | the sealing wax *not said here* | one look |  |  |  | slim *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset look=Product |
| 4 | **think** *speech: other* | past | needle |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is** | past | needle |  |  |  |  | fine *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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