---
title: The fugitives were resting in the shade of a wood, and were refreshi… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The fugitives were resting in the shade of a wood, and were refreshing themselves with food and drink. Who acts: fugitives. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Grateful Prince, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The Grateful Prince, part 3, sentence 39

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The fugitives were resting in the shade of a wood, and were refreshing themselves with food and drink.

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**Who acts:** fugitives · **What happens:** rest, refresh, shade · **To what, where:** shade, fugitives, wood

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Grateful Prince, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fugitives), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:11:39
# text = The fugitives were resting in the shade of a wood, and were refreshing themselves with food and drink.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fugitives	fugitive	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	resting	rest	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	shade	shade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	refreshing	refresh	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
15	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	14	obj	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rest** | past · progressive | the fugitives |  |  | the shade of a wood |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in shade=Location |
| 2 | **refresh** | past · progressive | the fugitives *not said here* | fugitives *= fugitive* |  |  |  | with food and drink | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus themselves=Experiencer |
| 3 | **shade** |  |  | a wood |  |  |  |  | nom shade «state transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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