---
title: And when the dragon and his mother had put out their lights, he took… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: And when the dragon and his mother had put out their lights, he took the pigs’ trough and filled it with earth, and placed it in his bed, and covered it with clothes. Who acts: Stan, sacks. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Stan Bolovan, with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, Stan Bolovan, sentence 161

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And when the dragon and his mother had put out their lights, he took the pigs’ trough and filled it with earth, and placed it in his bed, and covered it with clothes.

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**Who acts:** Stan, sacks · **What happens:** put out, take, fill, place, cover, light · **To what, where:** dragon, trough, bed

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Stan Bolovan. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Stan, sacks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:13:161
# text = And when the dragon and his mother had put out their lights, he took the pigs’ trough and filled it with earth, and placed it in his bed, and covered it with clothes.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	dragon	dragon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
8	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	advcl	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	lights	light	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	pigs	pig	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	’	's	PART	POS	_	17	case	_	_
19	trough	trough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	filled	fill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	placed	place	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
28	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	covered	cover	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
35	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	obj	_	_
36	with	with	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put out** | past · perfect · passive |  | the dragon and Stan's mother |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V NP PP.goal»: subject=Asset light=Goal |
| 2 | **take** | past | Stan | the pigs's trough |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trough=Theme |
| 3 | **fill** | past | Stan *not said here* | trough |  |  |  | with earth | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient with earth=Instrument |
| 4 | **place** | past | Stan *not said here* | trough |  | Stan's bed |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme in bed=Destination |
| 5 | **cover** | past | Stan *not said here* | trough |  |  |  | with clothes | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Destination with clothes=Theme |
| 6 | **light** |  | sacks *= sack* |  |  |  |  |  | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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