---
title: On the outskirts of a village just where the oxen were turned out to… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: On the outskirts of a village just where the oxen were turned out to pasture, and the pigs roamed about burrowing with their noses among the roots of the trees, there stood a small house. Who acts: pigs. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Stan Bolovan, with its dependency tree and
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, Stan Bolovan, sentence 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On the outskirts of a village just where the oxen were turned out to pasture, and the pigs roamed about burrowing with their noses among the roots of the trees, there stood a small house.

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**Who acts:** pigs · **What happens:** turn out, pasture, roam, burrow, stand · **To what, where:** oxen, outskirts, roots, small house

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Stan Bolovan. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pigs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:13:2
# text = On the outskirts of a village just where the oxen were turned out to pasture, and the pigs roamed about burrowing with their noses among the roots of the trees, there stood a small house.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	outskirts	outskirt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	just	just	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
8	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	12	advmod	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	oxen	ox	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
11	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
13	out	out	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	pasture	pasture	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	pigs	pig	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
20	roamed	roam	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	parataxis	_	_
21	about	about	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
22	burrowing	burrow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	20	advcl	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	noses	nose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	_
26	among	among	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
33	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	34	expl	_	_
34	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
35	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
36	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn out** | past · passive |  | the oxen |  | the outskirts of a village |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **pasture** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **roam** | past | the pigs |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **burrow** | gerund | the pigs *not said here* |  |  | the roots of the trees |  | with pigs's noses | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent among root=Location |
| 5 | **stand** | past | the pigs *not said here* | a small house |  | there |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer house=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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