---
title: ‘Good gracious! how many there are! how many!’ he muttered to himself. — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘Good gracious! how many there are! how many!’ he muttered to himself. Who acts: many, Stan. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Stan Bolovan, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, Stan Bolovan, sentence 36

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‘Good gracious! how many there are! how many!’ he muttered to himself.

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**Who acts:** many, Stan · **What happens:** be, mutter · **To what, where:** Stan

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Stan Bolovan. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many, Stan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:13:36
# text = ‘Good gracious! how many there are! how many!’ he muttered to himself.
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	gracious	gracious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
5	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	nsubj	_	_
7	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	8	expl	_	_
8	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
10	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
11	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	muttered	mutter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | many |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **mutter** *speech: assert* | past | Stan |  | Stan |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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