--- title: Once upon a time in the country of Japan there lived two frogs, one… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: Once upon a time in the country of Japan there lived two frogs, one of whom made his home in a ditch near the town of Osaka, on the sea coast, while the other dwelt in a clear little stream which ran through the city of Kioto. Who acts: clear little stream. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by A --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/14/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Violet Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/) / [The Two Frogs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/14/) / 1 # The Violet Fairy Book, The Two Frogs, sentence 1 Once upon a time in the country of Japan there lived two frogs, one of whom made his home in a ditch near the town of Osaka, on the sea coast, while the other dwelt in a clear little stream which ran through the city of Kioto. **Who acts:** clear little stream · **What happens:** live, make, dwell, run · **To what, where:** two frogs, home, ditch, other, clear little stream, city This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Two Frogs. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (clear little stream), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg641:14:1 # text = Once upon a time in the country of Japan there lived two frogs, one of whom made his home in a ditch near the town of Osaka, on the sea coast, while the other dwelt in a clear little stream which ran through the city of Kioto. 1 Once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 11 advmod _ _ 2 upon upon ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 country country NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 Japan Japan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 10 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 11 advmod _ _ 11 lived live VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 12 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 13 nummod _ _ 13 frogs frog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 13 appos _ _ 16 of of SCONJ IN _ 18 mark _ _ 17 whom whom PRON WP PronType=Rel 18 nsubj _ _ 18 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 advcl _ _ 19 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ _ 20 home home NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 in in ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 ditch ditch NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 24 near near ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 town town NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nmod _ _ 27 of of ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 Osaka Osaka PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 29 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 30 on on ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 32 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 compound _ _ 33 coast coast NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 34 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 35 while while SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 obl:unmarked _ _ 38 dwelt dwell VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 conj _ _ 39 in in ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 40 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 41 clear clear ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 43 amod _ _ 42 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 43 amod _ _ 43 stream stream NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obl _ _ 44 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 45 nsubj _ _ 45 ran run VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 43 acl:relcl _ _ 46 through through ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 47 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 48 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 obl _ _ 49 of of ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 50 Kioto Kioto PROPN NNP Number=Sing 48 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 51 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | past | | two frogs | | there | time | once *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **make** | past | | Japan's home | | a ditch near the town of Osaka | | on the sea coast | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent home=Product | | 3 | **dwell** | participle | | the other | | a clear little stream | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in stream=Location | | 4 | **run** | past | a clear little stream | | | the city of Kioto | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through city=Trajectory | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [Stan Bolovan, 201](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/13/201/) - next →: [sentence 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/14/2/) - ↑ back to [The Two Frogs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/14/)