---
title: ‘If I had had any idea that Osaka was only a copy of Kioto I should… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘If I had had any idea that Osaka was only a copy of Kioto I should never have travelled all this way,’ exclaimed the frog from Kioto, and as he spoke he took his hands from his friend’s shoulders, and they both fell down on the grass. Who acts: I, Osaka, frogs. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book»
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The Two Frogs, sentence 17

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‘If I had had any idea that Osaka was only a copy of Kioto I should never have travelled all this way,’ exclaimed the frog from Kioto, and as he spoke he took his hands from his friend’s shoulders, and they both fell down on the grass.

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**Who acts:** I, Osaka, frogs · **What happens:** have, be, not travell, exclaim, speak, take · **To what, where:** idea, copy, way, frog, Kioto, hands · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Two Frogs. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Osaka, frogs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:14:17
# text = ‘If I had had any idea that Osaka was only a copy of Kioto I should never have travelled all this way,’ exclaimed the frog from Kioto, and as he spoke he took his hands from his friend’s shoulders, and they both fell down on the grass.
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	had	have	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	26	advcl	_	_
6	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
9	Osaka	Osaka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	only	only	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	copy	copy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	acl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Kioto	Kioto	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
17	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
18	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
19	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	aux	_	_
20	travelled	travell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	acl:relcl	_	_
21	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	23	det:predet	_	_
22	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	23	det	_	_
23	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	_
26	exclaimed	exclaim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
29	from	from	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Kioto	Kioto	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
33	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	35	mark	_	_
34	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	35	nsubj	_	_
35	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	conj	_	_
36	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
37	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	ccomp	_	_
38	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	obj	_	_
40	from	from	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
41	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	42	nmod:poss	_	_
42	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	’s	's	PART	POS	_	42	case	_	_
44	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
46	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
47	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	49	nsubj	_	_
48	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	49	nsubj	_	_
49	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	conj	_	_
50	down	down	ADV	RB	_	49	advmod	_	_
51	on	on	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
52	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	53	det	_	_
53	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · perfect | I | any idea |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Osaka | a copy |  |  |  | of Kioto | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **travell** | should · perfect | I | all way |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **exclaim** *speech: express* | past |  | the frog |  | Kioto |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent frog=Topic |
| 5 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Osaka |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **take** | past | Osaka | Osaka's hands |  | Osaka's friend's shoulders |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent hand=Theme from shoulder=Initial\_Location |
| 7 | **fall down** | past | frogs *= frog* |  |  | the grass |  | down *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on grass=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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