---
title: When the old woman saw them coming through the courtyard she jumped… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: When the old woman saw them coming through the courtyard she jumped and shouted for joy, and as the gazelle drew near she seized it in her arms, and kissed it. Who acts: old woman, mistress, woman. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Story of a Gazelle, with its dependency tree
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The Story of a Gazelle, sentence 181

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When the old woman saw them coming through the courtyard she jumped and shouted for joy, and as the gazelle drew near she seized it in her arms, and kissed it.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** old woman, mistress, woman · **What happens:** see, come, jump, shout, draw, seize · **To what, where:** mistress, courtyard, joy, arms

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Story of a Gazelle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old woman, mistress, woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:15:181
# text = When the old woman saw them coming through the courtyard she jumped and shouted for joy, and as the gazelle drew near she seized it in her arms, and kissed it.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	advcl	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	coming	come	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	xcomp	_	_
8	through	through	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	courtyard	courtyard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	shouted	shout	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	gazelle	gazelle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
22	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
23	near	near	ADP	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
24	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	seized	seize	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	advcl	_	_
26	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	kissed	kiss	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
33	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	32	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | the old woman | mistress |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **come** | gerund | mistress *not said here* |  |  | the courtyard |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme through courtyard=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **jump** | past | woman | the courtyard *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme courtyard=Trajectory |
| 4 | **shout** *speech: express* | past | woman *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for joy | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for joy=Recipient |
| 5 | **draw** | past | the old woman *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as the gazelle | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as gazelle=Attribute |
| 6 | **seize** | past | woman | joy |  | woman's arms |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 7 | **kiss** | past |  | joy |  |  |  |  | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Co-Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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