---
title: Fruit trees and bushes loaded with fruit stood before them, while bi… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Fruit trees and bushes loaded with fruit stood before them, while birds gayer than the brightest butterfly sat in their branches and filled the air with their song. Who acts: Fruit trees, trees. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, A Tale of the Tontlawald, with its dependency tree 
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, A Tale of the Tontlawald, sentence 32

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Fruit trees and bushes loaded with fruit stood before them, while birds gayer than the brightest butterfly sat in their branches and filled the air with their song.

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**Who acts:** Fruit trees, trees · **What happens:** load, stand, sit, fill, sing · **To what, where:** bushes, fruit, branches, air

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, A Tale of the Tontlawald. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fruit trees, trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:2:32
# text = Fruit trees and bushes loaded with fruit stood before them, while birds gayer than the brightest butterfly sat in their branches and filled the air with their song.
1	Fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	bushes	bush	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	loaded	load	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	stood	stand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	before	before	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
14	gayer	gay	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	acl	_	_
15	than	than	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	brightest	bright	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	18	amod	_	_
18	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
19	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	branches	branch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	filled	fill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **load** | participle |  | bushes *not said here* |  |  |  | with fruit | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with fruit=Theme |
| 2 | **stand** | participle |  | fruit *not said here* |  |  | before trees *= tree* |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before they=Location |
| 3 | **sit** | past | Fruit trees and bushes |  |  | trees's branches |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in branch=Location |
| 4 | **fill** | past | Fruit trees and bushes *not said here* | the air |  |  |  | with trees's song | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent air=Patient with song=Instrument |
| 5 | **sing** |  | trees *= tree* |  |  |  |  |  | nom song «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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