---
title: ‘You have known what it is to suffer cold; you will have to endure h… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘You have known what it is to suffer cold; you will have to endure heat, such as you have never dreamed of. Who acts: advice, you. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2, sentence 132

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‘You have known what it is to suffer cold; you will have to endure heat, such as you have never dreamed of.

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**Who acts:** advice, you · **What happens:** know, be, have, endure, not dream · **To what, where:** You, heat

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (advice, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:20:132
# text = ‘You have known what it is to suffer cold; you will have to endure heat, such as you have never dreamed of.
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	suffer	suffer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	endure	endure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
19	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=SCONJ	24	mark	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	19	fixed	_	_
21	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
22	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
23	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
24	dreamed	dream	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	17	conj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present · perfect · passive |  | You |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | advice |  |  |  |  | cold, suffer *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **have** | future | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **endure** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | heat |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme heat=Circumstance |
| 5 | **not** **dream** | present · perfect | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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