---
title: What heat could be he never knew before, and on the way, not a stone… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: What heat could be he never knew before, and on the way, not a stone’s throw from the road, lay the most delicious valleys, full of shady trees and bubbling streams. Who acts: heat, stone. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2, with its dependency tree a
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2, sentence 145

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What heat could be he never knew before, and on the way, not a stone’s throw from the road, lay the most delicious valleys, full of shady trees and bubbling streams.

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**Who acts:** heat, stone · **What happens:** not be, lay, bubble, throw · **To what, where:** heat, delicious valleys, way, streams, road

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heat, stone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:20:145
# text = What heat could be he never knew before, and on the way, not a stone’s throw from the road, lay the most delicious valleys, full of shady trees and bubbling streams.
1	What	what	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	2	det	_	_
2	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
8	before	before	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	’s	's	PART	POS	_	17	case	_	_
19	throw	throw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
24	lay	lay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
26	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	27	advmod	_	_
27	delicious	delicious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	valleys	valley	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	shady	shady	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obl	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	bubbling	bubble	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	30	conj	_	_
36	streams	stream	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | could | heat | what heat *not said here* |  |  |  | before, know *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **lay** | infinitive | heat *not said here* | the delicious valleys |  | the way and a stone's throw from the road |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent valley=Theme on way=Destination |
| 3 | **bubble** | gerund | heat *not said here* | streams |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location stream=Source |
| 4 | **throw** |  | a stone |  |  | the road |  |  | nom throw «act transitive»: poss=agent from=place |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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