---
title: A day and a night went by, and the fight was still undecided, but at… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: A day and a night went by, and the fight was still undecided, but at last the Welwa began to pant for breath. Who acts: day, fight, last. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2, sentence 18

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A day and a night went by, and the fight was still undecided, but at last the Welwa began to pant for breath.

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**Who acts:** day, fight, last · **What happens:** go by, be, begin, pant

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (day, fight, last), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:20:18
# text = A day and a night went by, and the fight was still undecided, but at last the Welwa began to pant for breath.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	fight	fight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	still	still	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	undecided	undecided	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
17	at	at	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	nsubj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	Welwa	Welwa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
21	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	pant	pant	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	xcomp	_	_
24	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go by** | past | a day and a night |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | the fight |  |  |  | still | undecided *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **begin** | past | last |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **pant** | to-infinitive | last *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for breath | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for breath=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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