---
title: ‘Beware, and never stand still,’ called the brown horse, and more he… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘Beware, and never stand still,’ called the brown horse, and more he could not say, for the water was choking him. Who acts: you, Woe, water. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2, sentence 61

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
‘Beware, and never stand still,’ called the brown horse, and more he could not say, for the water was choking him.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, Woe, water · **What happens:** beware, not stand, call, not say, choke · **To what, where:** brown horse, Woe · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Woe, water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:20:61
# text = ‘Beware, and never stand still,’ called the brown horse, and more he could not say, for the water was choking him.
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Beware	beware	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	stand	stand	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	still	still	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
10	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
16	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	20	advmod	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
18	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
20	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
22	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
25	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	choking	choke	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	20	advcl	_	_
27	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beware** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **not** **stand** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **call** | participle |  |  | the brown horse |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent horse=Recipient |
| 4 | **not** **say** *speech: assert* | could | Woe |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **choke** | past · progressive | the water |  | Woe |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme he=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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