---
title: In the evening, when the sun is getting low, and all the midges are… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: In the evening, when the sun is getting low, and all the midges are beginning to bite, Peter saw a wide heath stretching before him. Who acts: sun, midges, Peter, wide heath. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmat
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2, sentence 92

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In the evening, when the sun is getting low, and all the midges are beginning to bite, Peter saw a wide heath stretching before him.

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**Who acts:** sun, midges, Peter, wide heath · **What happens:** get, begin, bite, see, stretch · **To what, where:** wide heath

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Fairy of the Dawn, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, midges, Peter, wide heath), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:20:92
# text = In the evening, when the sun is getting low, and all the midges are beginning to bite, Peter saw a wide heath stretching before him.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	getting	get	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
10	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
13	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	15	det:predet	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	midges	midge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	beginning	begin	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	conj	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	bite	bite	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	Peter	Peter	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
22	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	heath	heath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
26	stretching	stretch	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	25	acl	_	_
27	before	before	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present · progressive | the sun |  |  |  | evening | low *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **begin** | present · progressive | all midges |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **bite** | to-infinitive | all midges *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **see** | past | Peter | a wide heath |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer heath=Stimulus |
| 5 | **stretch** | gerund | a wide heath *not said here* |  |  |  | before Peter |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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