---
title: When you have them safely, look about till you see a cypress tree, w… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: When you have them safely, look about till you see a cypress tree, whose roots are of brass, whose boughs are of silver, and whose leaves are of gold. Who acts: you, roots, boughs, leaves. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Enchanted Knife, with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The Enchanted Knife, sentence 19

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When you have them safely, look about till you see a cypress tree, whose roots are of brass, whose boughs are of silver, and whose leaves are of gold.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, roots, boughs, leaves · **What happens:** have, look, see, be · **To what, where:** horses, cypress tree

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Enchanted Knife. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, roots, boughs, leaves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:23:19
# text = When you have them safely, look about till you see a cypress tree, whose roots are of brass, whose boughs are of silver, and whose leaves are of gold.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	safely	safely	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	about	about	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	see	see	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	cypress	cypress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
16	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
18	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	brass	brass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
22	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	boughs	bough	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj	_	_
24	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	silver	silver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
29	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nsubj	_	_
31	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	cop	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | you | horses *= horse* |  |  |  | safely *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 2 | **look** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **see** | present | you | a cypress tree and brass and silver |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer tree=Stimulus |
| 4 | **is** | present | brass's roots |  |  |  |  | of brass | tree rules |
| 5 | **is** | present | silver's boughs |  |  |  |  | of silver | tree rules |
| 6 | **is** | present | gold's leaves |  |  |  |  | of gold | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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