---
title: Deeper and deeper he dug, till far down, below the roots of brass, h… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Deeper and deeper he dug, till far down, below the roots of brass, his knife struck upon the buried treasure, which lay heaped up in bags all around. Who acts: man, knife. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Enchanted Knife, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every 
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The Enchanted Knife, sentence 30

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Deeper and deeper he dug, till far down, below the roots of brass, his knife struck upon the buried treasure, which lay heaped up in bags all around.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** man, knife · **What happens:** dig, strike, bury, lie, heap up · **To what, where:** roots, buried treasure, bags

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Enchanted Knife. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, knife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:23:30
# text = Deeper and deeper he dug, till far down, below the roots of brass, his knife struck upon the buried treasure, which lay heaped up in bags all around.
1	Deeper	deep	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	amod	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	1	cc	_	_
3	deeper	deep	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	dug	dig	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	till	till	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	_
9	down	down	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	below	below	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	brass	brass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	knife	knife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	struck	strike	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
20	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	buried	bury	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	amod	_	_
23	treasure	treasure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
26	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
27	heaped	heap	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	xcomp	_	_
28	up	up	ADP	RP	_	27	compound:prt	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	bags	bag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl	_	_
31	all	all	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
32	around	around	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dig** | past | man | the roots of brass |  |  |  | deep, down *property* | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent root=Theme |
| 2 | **strike** | past | man's knife |  |  | the buried treasure |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon treasure=Location |
| 3 | **bury** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **lie** | past |  |  |  | bags |  | around *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **heap up** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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